Why Do You Get Diarrhea During Your Period?

The same hormonal changes that happen during menstruation can lead to GI woes.

Your period comes with a variety of symptoms, like cramps and bloating. But there’s one symptom you might not expect — diarrhea. Here’s what’s behind it and how to manage.

Why do you have GI problems on your period?

GI changes around your period are normal. And it’s common. The culprit? Compounds known as prostaglandins. After ovulation, your body releases these natural chemicals. That release helps your uterus to cramp and shed its lining, also known as menstruation.

“Prostaglandins help make it easier for your uterus lining to shed,” says Brytanie Marshall, MD, gynecologist at Geisinger. “The effect, though, is cramping. That cramping can extend to your bowel, which can lead to diarrhea.”

Diarrhea can start right before your period starts and continue for 1 to 3 days.

Besides diarrhea, prostaglandins are also responsible for symptoms like:

Nausea
Stomach cramps
Leg pain
Back pain

How to manage period diarrhea

Bowel changes can put a damper on anyone’s day. But treating it is easy.

Prioritize hydration

“Start by drinking plenty of fluids,” Dr. Marshall says. “This can help replenish any fluids you might lose.”

Besides water, consider sipping on these to keep your electrolytes up:

Sports drinks
Milk
Broth
Coconut water

Axe the ache

If you’re feeling menstrual-related discomfort, over-the-counter pain relievers can deliver relief. “Taking over-the-counter pain relievers on a schedule can calm the effects of prostaglandins,” says Dr. Marshall. Start by taking them early, either on or before the first day of your period for maximum relief.

Try an anti-diarrheal

To reduce or stop diarrhea, take an anti-diarrheal medicine. These work quickly to control loose stools and slow your digestion.

Adjust your diet

During your period, making a few minor dietary adjustments can help calm things down. Consider sticking to bland or easy-to-digest foods, like:

Plain toast
Rice
Applesauce
Bananas
Yogurt
Peppermint tea

And to avoid worsening symptoms or bringing on new ones, avoid alcohol and spicy or greasy foods.

Feel the heat

To reduce cramping and discomfort, consider using a heating pad or patch.

Dr. Marshall also stresses getting plenty of rest and some light exercise to help reduce discomfort.

Stopping it before it starts

The best way to manage menstrual diarrhea? Stopping it in its tracks. “The key is getting in front of the train,” says Dr. Marshall. “To minimize bowel effects during your period, I recommend taking an oral fiber supplement daily, even if you’re not constipated.”

It’s important to note that fiber powders mixed in water are more effective than gummies.

Taking fiber regularly helps firm up loose stools and soften hard stool. This helps offload the backed-up system that can be more susceptible to the effects of prostaglandins and inflammation created during periods.

“With less load on the bowels, you actually make more room for the uterus and ovaries to navigate the changes of a period without added burden and stress in the pelvis,” Dr. Marshall says.

When to see a healthcare provider

Making changes and still not getting relief? It may be time for a chat with your healthcare provider.

If your periods affect your daily life, your ability to focus or keep you from participating in activities you enjoy, discuss your concerns with your gynecologist, Dr. Marshall says.

“There are more options available to help control the source of the prostaglandins and allow your body to keep up with the rapid changes each menstrual cycle.”