Tips to Navigating Cancer Care

Follow these tips to navigate cancer care with confidence — and hope

A cancer diagnosis can feel overwhelming. You may have decisions to make, appointments to keep and a shifting range of emotions from day to day.

You don’t have to go through it alone. With information and support, you can take an active role in your care.

“Getting a cancer diagnosis can be very difficult — both physically and emotionally,” says Rajiv Panikkar, MD, a hematologist oncologist and chair of the Geisinger Cancer Institute. “But building a relationship with your care team, leaning on your support network and taking advantage of resources can help you take an active role in your cancer care and feel more in control of your journey.”

Not sure where to start? Dr. Panikkar offers tips to help you better understand your diagnosis, communicate with your care team, manage side effects and support your overall well-being.

Understand your cancer diagnosis and treatment options

Learning about your cancer diagnosis and treatment options is fundamental to making informed decisions about your care.

Start by asking your provider:

What type of cancer do I have?
Where is it located?
What stage is it in?

From there, your care team will talk with you about available cancer treatments based on your diagnosis, health and age.

Treatment may include one or a combination of the following options:

Surgery
Radiation therapy
Chemotherapy
Immunotherapy
Clinical trials

Ask about the benefits, risks and potential side effects of each.

“It’s important to clarify the goal of cancer treatment — whether it’s curing the cancer, controlling it or easing symptoms — and how your progress will be tracked,” says Dr. Panikkar. “Knowing what you’re working toward will be key in making treatment decisions that align with your values.”

Get the most out of each appointment

As you ask questions during your visit, you’ll find there’s a lot to remember, so preparation helps. Try to:

Write down your questions ahead of time
Bring a family member or friend for support
Ask for educational materials to review later
Take notes or record important information

If you’re seeing a Geisinger provider and you use MyGeisinger or MyChart, you can review your after-visit summary and message your care team with follow-up questions.

Before each treatment session, ask what to expect during and after, what to pack for comfort and how long you might be there.

“There’s no such thing as too many questions,” says Dr. Panikkar. “Your cancer care team is here to support you and address your concerns every step of the way. Don’t hesitate to ask for clarification, either. Being prepared can help you get more out of each visit and feel empowered in your cancer journey.”

Be your own advocate

Speak up for yourself. That makes sure your care aligns with your needs and preferences, which can lead to better outcomes.

Do your research

Look for information from trusted sources like the National Cancer Institute, the American Cancer Society and disease-specific foundations when researching. Bring what you learned to appointments to discuss with your care team.

Keep communication open

Tell your care team how you’re feeling physically and emotionally. Share symptoms, even small ones. Sharing updates helps your team adjust your care and support your day-to-day life. Don’t understand a term or recommendation? Ask for clarification before you leave.

The same goes for your loved ones, because your cancer doesn’t just affect you. It impacts everyone around you. Sharing your thoughts and feelings with close family members and friends may lessen anxiety and fear, while strengthening support.

Consider a second opinion

Another perspective can confirm your treatment plan or suggest alternatives — which can provide peace of mind. Discuss a second opinion with your care team, so they can coordinate records and share imaging.

Many health plans cover second opinions for a cancer diagnosis. Just be sure to check your coverage ahead of time.

Use available support services

You don’t have to manage everything on your own. Instead, tap into support services offered by your cancer center and community.

“Oncology social workers can help with things like transportation, advance care planning and connecting you with financial counseling,” says Dr. Panikkar. “And nurse navigators can help coordinate appointments and answer care questions.”

You can also ask about registered dietitians, physical or occupational therapy, psychology services, palliative care for symptom relief and support groups for patients and caregivers.

Support your physical well-being

Taking care of your body during cancer treatment helps keep your strength and energy levels up and improves your quality of life. Small, consistent habits can make a real difference in how you feel day to day.

Manage side effects

Side effects are common, but they can often be managed. Talk to your care team about:

Pain
Fatigue
Nausea
Appetite changes

“Communicate openly with your provider about any symptoms or side effects you’re having,” says Dr. Panikkar. “Each person reacts differently to treatment, and there may be alternative drugs, dosages or options to try.”

Your provider also may recommend supportive care services to improve your quality of life.

Build healthy habits

Healthy routines support your body during treatment. Things that can make a big difference include:

A balanced diet with lean proteins, whole grains, fruits and vegetables
Good hydration
Light exercise, such as walks, yoga, swimming or a low-impact workout class
A regular sleep schedule

“Making small changes can go a long way in managing stress and fatigue that’s common with cancer treatment,” says Dr. Panikkar.

Reduce stress

Chronic stress takes a toll on your body and mind, especially during treatment.

Try stress-reducing practices like deep breathing, mindfulness, guided imagery or gentle yoga. You might also find relief through massage, acupuncture, music therapy or a daily walk.

Staying organized can also help relieve stress. Use a calendar or app to track appointments, lab draws and medication schedules. Set phone reminders for time-sensitive meds and keep an updated list of allergies and current medications to share at every visit.

Support your emotional well-being

Cancer affects more than your physical health. Take care of your emotional well-being just like you take care of your body.

Practice self-care

Make time for self-care activities that help you feel grounded — a short walk outside, journaling, reading, enjoying hobbies or practicing faith or mindfulness.

“What helped you through difficult times before your cancer diagnosis can help ease your worries now,” says Dr. Panikkar.

Build your support network

Lean on close family and friends. Let them know how they can help — whether it’s meal delivery, childcare, rides to doctor appointments or just being there.

Connecting with other people who have cancer through support groups can also bring comfort. Support groups provide understanding, shared experiences and practical tips to help overcome challenges.

Seek professional help, if needed

If you’re feeling sad, hopeless or overwhelmed, professional support can help.

Oncology social workers, psychologists and counselors offer tools to help you cope and adjust, or they can refer you to other mental health services.

“Your needs will likely change throughout cancer treatment,” says Dr. Panikkar. “Check in with yourself regularly, celebrate small wins and revisit your coping plan with your care team as you move through different phases. Navigating cancer care is a journey, and you don’t have to do it alone — support is available at every step.”